What Makes a ¾-ton Truck? Size Differences Explained

You might have heard about 1/2-ton,  3/4-ton, and 1-ton trucks from truck enthusiasts. Each of these terms represents a different type of truck. Learn about the definition of each type and their differences in this article.

What Are ½-ton, ¾-ton, and 1-ton Trucks?

This naming system was originally used to designate different-sized trucks based on how much load they could carry. Under this system, a 1-ton truck will be able to carry 1 ton. 1-ton trucks will also generally be bigger and more powerful than 3/4-ton and 1/2-ton trucks because they can carry more load. The ton naming system gave consumers an idea of a truck’s capability and size. But as trucks became more popular and truck designs evolved, all three truck classes were able to carry a heavier load. At that point, the ton naming system became outdated and obsolete. Despite this, manufacturers still used the same three terms to differentiate light, midsize, and heavy-duty trucks from one another. As a result, a modern truck that’s advertised to be a 3/4-ton can actually carry loads up to two tons or 4,000 pounds.

1/2-ton trucks are light-duty full-size pickups like the RAM 1500, Ford F-150, and Chevrolet Silverado 1500, while 3/4-ton trucks slot in between light full-size pickups and the large heavy-duty pickups. Examples of 3/4-ton trucks include models like the RAM 2500, Ford F-250, and Chevrolet Silverado 2500. Meanwhile, 1-ton trucks are the largest of the bunch. Some examples include the Ram 3500, Ford F-350, and Chevrolet Silverado 3500. There are even larger 1-ton trucks that are categorized from 350, 450, 550, and 650 onwards.

Overall, all three truck classes are quite capable, but bigger trucks allow you to carry more payload and tow heavier trailers. Bigger trucks also tend to have sturdier frames, a more powerful engine, better suspension, and more powerful brakes. However, as the trucks get bigger, heavier, and more powerful, their fuel economy also decreases. Bigger trucks are also more challenging to drive and park because of their bigger blind spots. Larger trucks also occupy more space, which can make driving on tight roads or finding parking spaces difficult.

Does this Classification Still Apply to Modern Trucks?

Nowadays, the Federal Highway Administration (FHA) assigns truck classes based on the truck’s gross weight, a combination of the vehicle’s weight and the maximum amount of payload that it can carry according to its manufacturer. Class 1 trucks have a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) of up to 6,000 pounds. Class 2a trucks have a GVWR from 6,001 to 8,500 pounds, while class 2b trucks have a GVWR of 8,501 to 10,000 pounds. Class 3 trucks have a massive GVWR of 10,001 to 14,000 pounds.

To make things less confusing, here’s how to identify 1/2-ton, 3/4-ton, and 1-ton trucks within their FHA classes. 1/2-ton pickups typically fall into the 2a class, while 3/4-ton trucks are in the 2b class. 1-ton trucks correspond to class 3 trucks.

The FHA’s truck classes are the correct way to classify trucks. However, people are so used to using the old ton classification that it doesn’t seem like it’s going to be forgotten any time soon. This means that truck classification will be confusing for years to come.