Within the confines of the complex world of modern engineering, different components harmoniously work together to ensure smooth operation and efficiency. Most of these components’ functions often go unnoticed, especially for those who haven’t ventured into the intricate world of automobiles.
In a time where fuel efficiency, safety, and reduced emissions are crucial, understanding what these parts do is essential for drivers. One component not often talked about is the fuel tank pressure sensor. So what exactly is it, and how does it play a pivotal role in maintaining optimal vehicle performance?
The fuel tank pressure (FTP) sensor is part of the evaporative emissions or EVAP system.
It monitors pressure to detect evaporative leaks and loose/faulty gas caps that may be preventing fuel vapors from being contained in the EVAP system. Such leaks may result in decreased fuel efficiency, an increase in emissions, and decreased engine performance.
The process of detecting leaks starts with the FTP sensor monitoring the rate with which vacuum increases in the EVAP system. Then the monitor uses this information to determine the purge volume flow rate. The EVAP monitor closes the purge valve, which creates a closed system. The FTP sensor then monitors the leak-down rate.
If the rate exceeds the stored value in the PCM consecutively, the powertrain control module sets a diagnostic trouble code (DTC).
The common symptoms associated with a faulty FTP sensor include an illuminated check engine light, engine stalling, and loss of power.
Note that these symptoms may be indicative of other problems. So, if your car is showing any of them, it’s best to diagnose and trace the root issue before attempting any fixes.
A malfunctioning FTP sensor may log one or more DTCs which causes the check engine light to be activated. Examples include codes P0442, P0453, and P0455. Keep in mind that it’s possible you get any code, depending on the vehicle.
This occurs because the computer is unaware that the fuel tank pressure sensor is failing. As such, it attempts to test the system and flags any issues it encounters.
Similar to engine stalling, a malfunctioning FTP sensor also makes it difficult to start the engine because of the compromised combustion process. Ignition issues stem from incorrect readings sent from the FTP sensor to the PCM.
This could lead to a lean air-fuel mixture, meaning the volume of air is higher than the fuel. The engine will have trouble starting because of the inappropriate fuel mixture.
The fuel tank pressure sensor is often located on top of the fuel pump module, mounted on top or inside the fuel tank.
While your vehicle may still run with a bad FTP sensor, it’s not recommended to drive for extended periods. Doing so may result in pollution because the evap system might not work properly.
Replacing the FTP sensor yourself is possible, especially if you have the tools and knowledge. However, it’s advised to leave it to experts and professionals to lessen the chances of damage or malfunctions.
The average price of replacing an FTP sensor is between $256 and $295. The labor fee ranges from $139 to $175, while the replacement parts are priced between $118 and $120.
It takes approximately two to three hours to replace the sensor with all the necessary equipment. In addition, the fuel tank has to be dropped down first before getting access to the sensor.
Any information provided on this Website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to replace consultation with a professional mechanic. The accuracy and timeliness of the information may change from the time of publication.