Park Assist Camera
A park assist camera alerts the driver whenever there’s an object or person in the vehicle’s path while it’s in reverse. It makes it easier to maneuver in tight spaces by giving the driver a view of the area behind the car. It usually activates automatically when the reverse gear is used.
Park assist cameras have been mandatory in the U.S. since 2019. They’re important components used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) systems.
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Park Assist Control Module
A park assist control module is a critical component in a vehicle’s park assistance system that helps coordinate the functions of the system. This module is responsible for calculating the distance between your vehicle and an object. It then triggers another module to show an image in the driver information center. This module can also send other signals to control your ride’s self-parking features.
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- All About Park Assist: Symbols, Types, and More
- Service Park Assist Message: What Is It and How to Fix It
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Parking Aid Control Module
The parking aid control module, together with several proximity sensors, is part of a driver assistance system. This module monitors an area between 20 and 250 centimeters in front and behind a vehicle and alerts the driver of any obstacle.
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Parking Assist Sensor
The parking assist sensor helps drivers detect pedestrians, debris, and other potential hazards when they back up. It then warns the driver when an obstacle is too close, preventing collisions while reversing.
Parking assist sensors warn drivers by producing either loud sounds or visual warnings in the form of flashing lights.
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- All About Park Assist: Symbols, Types, and More
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Parking Assist Sensor Bezel
The parking assist sensor bezel is the housing that holds your vehicle’s parking assist sensors. The parking sensors typically poke through your vehicle’s bumpers and they need the sensor bezel to keep them in place. Sensor bezels are typically made from plastic so that the parking assist sensor and bezel housing can be pressed into the vehicle bumper’s hole. Parking assist sensor bezels typically lock into the bumper hole without the use of any fasteners or screws, allowing for easy repairs.
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Parking Brake Actuator
The parking brake actuator is the part that applies and releases the brake caliper when you operate the parking brake. You might need to get a replacement part for an actuator that exhibits issues such as not engaging or disengaging the calipers upon pushing the control button. Parking brake actuators are usually attached to the brake calipers that they operate. The parking brake relies on the actuators to keep the brake calipers pressed while the vehicle remains parked and to release when it’s time to go.
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Parking Brake Actuator Gear Kit
The Parking Brake Actuator Gear Kit is a repair kit for fixing damaged brake actuator gears, which are responsible for transferring force to engage your vehicle’s parking brakes. Parking brake actuator gear kits typically consist of gears, a roll pin, a metal press tool, and other equipment you might need to repair your faulty parking brake actuator. Because they contain gears that are meant to replace your vehicle’s original parts, you’ll need to buy a gear kit specifically made for your car.
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Parking Brake Adjuster
The Parking Brake Adjuster is the part of a vehicle’s parking brake that can be manipulated in order to tighten or loosen the vehicle’s brake cable. Typically, the brake cable will need to be tightened due to it stretching and growing loose over time. Adjusters can be found underneath the car and manipulated using tools like pliers and wrenches depending on their design. Parking brake adjuster designs can vary depending on the vehicle’s make and model.
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Parking Brake Adjusting Spring
The parking brake adjusting spring is located inside the vehicle’s rear drum brake assembly. When the brake pedal or hand brake is engaged, the brake shoes move outward into the brake drum, which creates friction and stops the vehicle. These springs are responsible for pulling the brake shoes back to their normal position when the brake is released. Your vehicle can have several springs, depending on your vehicle’s drum brake system.
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Parking Brake Anchor Plate
The Parking Brake Anchor Plate is a plate that holds the parking brake shoes in place. Also known as the brake shoe anchor plate, it’s a vital part of the parking brake assembly that helps prevent the brake shoes from moving around or falling off. It’s usually made of durable steel and designed to withstand high levels of pressure and stress. If the parking brake anchor plate is damaged, the entire parking brake system will malfunction.
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Parking Brake Bracket
The Parking Brake Bracket secures the parking brake cable to either the vehicle’s frame or its body. It’s made of metal to withstand its high-tension and high-stress position while holding the cable. This is especially important while the parking brake is engaged. The parking brake bracket is nearly cylindrical in shape and held in place with four bolts near its center. It has a hole in the middle between the bolts.
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Parking Brake Cable
The parking brake cables are linked to two-wheel brakes to connect the handbrake lever to the brakes on the rear wheels or the entire braking system. The parking brake provides another braking option for the driver’s safety.
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Parking Brake Control Module
The parking brake control module regulates and controls the electrical operations of a vehicle’s parking brake. It determines when to engage or disengage the parking brake and keeps the different electronic components of the parking brake functional.
The location of the parking brake control module varies depending on the vehicle, but it’s typically beside the fuse box.
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Parking Brake Equalizer Bar
A parking brake equalizer bar equalizes the pulling motion of the cables from the rear brakes.
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Parking Brake Handle
The Parking Brake Handle is a lever that activates the emergency brake when pulled. Unlike the main brakes, the parking brake doesn’t rely on hydraulic pressure. Instead, it uses mechanical cables as a fail-safe measure in case the main brakes malfunction.
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Parking Brake Hardware Kit
A Parking Brake Hardware Kit has all the necessary tools and equipment for parking brake repairs. Most kits include bolts, fasteners, bushings, and other hardware.
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Parking Brake Lever
The Parking Brake Lever is a mechanical lever that triggers a ratchet mechanism when pulled, which locks the brake in the applied position.
A hand-operated parking brake usually has a release button and rod, ratchet pawl, ratchet stop, and cable.
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Parking Brake Lever Boot
The parking brake lever boot is a flexible rubber boot that covers the hand-operated parking brake lever. This part might be required if the stock or current parking brake lever boot has cracked or worn out. The parking brake lever is mounted on the parking brake lever and keeps out contaminants like dirt and moisture. The parking brake lever needs this part to stay clean and protect its internal parts from damage.
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Parking Brake Lever Release Button
The Parking Brake Lever Release Button is the button on the end of the parking brake lever, which you can typically find on older vehicles. The parking brake lever is a type of emergency brake that is activated by pulling the lever up and released by pushing the release button on the end of the stick and pushing it down. You can buy a parking brake release button assembly that comes with a spring and chrome button, or you can buy just the button itself.
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Parking Brake Lever Spring
The Parking Brake Lever Spring is a part of any parking brake system that uses springs. These spring-type parking brakes work by retracting the brakes with springs, pushing the pad away from the rotor.
The spring itself is controlled by the parking brake lever, which can be pulled to activate the springs.
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Parking Brake Motor
The parking brake motor is located in the rear wheel brake calipers. When the driver activates a vehicle’s parking brakes, a signal is sent to the parking brake motor. This pushes a piston, which activates the rear brake caliper. Engaging the rear brakes prevents the rear wheels from moving when the vehicle is parked. This allows the vehicle to sit stationary on slopes that are as steep as 30%. Parking brake motors are found in vehicles that have electronic parking brakes, which rely on a button rather than a conventional handbrake lever.
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Parking Brake Pedal Assembly
The Parking Brake Pedal Assembly is a component of the braking parking brake system that engages and disengages the parking brake. This helps the vehicle stay in place when parked. The parking brake system that houses this assembly is separate from the primary hydraulic brake system. It’s also a fail-safe in case of hydraulic brake system failure and provides an easy mechanical control to stop the vehicle from moving.
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Parking Brake Shoe
The Parking Brake Shoe is located within the drum portion of the rear disc brake rotor. When the parking brake is engaged, the shoe presses against the inside of the brake drum, creating enough friction to prevent the wheels from turning. The shoe will retract and allow the wheels to turn once the parking brake is released.
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Parking Brake Shoe Spring
A Parking Brake Shoe Spring is a spring that attaches to the parking brake shoe. There are two types of parking brake shoe springs, hold down and return springs. Parking brake hold down shoe springs press against the parking brake shoes to hold them against the brake backing plates. Meanwhile, parking brake return shoe springs hold the parking brake shoes together. They also ensure the shoes spring back into place when the parking brake is disengaged, ensuring that the brakes don’t remain on.
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Parking Brake Strut
The Parking Brake Strut is a braking component that assists the adjuster pawl by holding it when the brakes aren’t applied. Once the brakes are released, the return springs retract the shoes, and the pawl is levered back into position by the parking brake strut.
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Parking Brake Switch
The Parking Brake Switch turns the parking brake light on when you engage the parking brakes and deactivates the light when you disengage. This part might be needed if a faulty switch is causing problems like keeping the parking brake light staying on after disengaging the brakes.Manual parking brake switches are usually in the firewall behind the brake pedal lever in the driver’s footwell or the dash’s pivot point, while electronic parking brake switches are typically on the center console or on the lower left of the instrument panel.
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- Effects of Driving With the Parking Brake On
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Parking Light
Parking Lights are small lights often located in the front and rear of a vehicle, specifically in the lower bumper. They are designed to make your vehicle more visible to drivers and pedestrians when parked in the darkness.
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Parking Light Bezel
The parking light bezel is a piece of steel or plastic trim that surrounds the parking light. The bezel fits into a retainer that also holds the parking light in place. The parking light and the parking light bezel are meant to fit on the front valance, which improves your vehicle’s aerodynamics. Aside from possibly supporting the parking light, the bezel doesn’t serve any other function aside from being a cosmetic accessory.
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Parking Light Gasket
The parking light gasket is a seal that prevents contaminants and moisture from entering the parking light through the space between the frame and the lens. This part might be needed if the current or stock gaskets on the parking lights have degraded or failed. Parking light gaskets fit between the parking light lens and housing, and they help extend the lights’ service life. The parking light relies on the gasket to ensure an airtight and watertight connection between its lens and frame.
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Parking Light Lens
The Parking Light Lens is the protective cover that shields the parking light bulb from moisture, dirt, and other debris. In some cases, the heat from the bulb can melt the lens and require a replacement. Parking light lenses can come in different styles, shapes, and sizes. Most lenses are typically made of polycarbonate durable glass, and other materials that can transmit light from the parking light bulb well.
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Parking Light Relay
The Parking Light Relay is an electrical component that controls and directs electric current to the parking lights. It sits with other relays in a vehicle’s fuse box. The parking light relay contains and protects the parking light switch by electronically preventing it from heating up too quickly and overheating. It requires a substantial electrical current to work well. The relay enhances the electrical current’s strength, optimizing current flow so the parking lights can shine at maximum brightness.
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PCV Hose Nipple
The positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) hose nipple is a part that lets blow-by gases vent into the combustion chamber. Also called the gas neck overflow hose nipple, this part might be required if you have a fractured or plugged factory-issued PCV hose nipple. PCV hose nipples are mounted on a vehicle’s PCV hose. The PCV needs the hose nipple to protect oil seals from getting broken by blow-by gases.
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PCV O-Ring
The PCV O-Ring, short for the Positive Crankcase Ventilation O-ring, is a round gasket or seal that connects the PCV valve to the intake manifold. Like most o-rings, it’s typically made of rubber and effectively keeps oil from leaking out of the valve. It also prevents debris from entering the valve or intake manifold. PCV o-rings can withstand high pressure and extreme temperatures, so they typically last a long time.
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PCV Oil Trap
The PCV Oil Trap, which is also known as a PCV breather system, helps cut down the amount of hazardous exhaust that a vehicle releases. It does this by trapping the unused combustion gas that escapes from the combustion chamber into the crankcase while the engine is running. The oil trap then releases the built-up pressure, reducing the risk of popping gaskets and seals. PCV is short for Positive Crankcase Ventilation.
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PCV Valve
The positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valve regulates air flow through the crankcase. It’s usually a one-way valve that comes with a spring-operated plunger to control valve flow rate.
The PCV valve restricts air flow to maintain the appropriate air-fuel ratio whenever the manifold vacuum is high and prevents the high intake manifold vacuum from pulling oil out of the crankcase.
The PCV valve usually opens at high speeds or heavy loads. If the engine backfires, the valve closes to prevent the crankcase from exploding.
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PCV Valve Diaphragm
The PCV valve diaphragm is a one-way valve that relieves pressure from the crankcase. The PCV valve redirects gases from the crankcase to the combustion chambers, which lessens engine wear and allows this part to function more efficiently. The PCV valve diaphragm is located on the engine valve cover and is connected to the intake manifold or throttle body through a vacuum hose.
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PCV Valve Elbow
The positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valve elbow is an elbow pipe that forms part of the piping that connects the PCV system and the air intake. This fitting might be needed if you have to replace older PCV valve elbows in the crankcase ventilation system. PCV valve elbows are usually connected to the PCV valve. The PCV valve needs this elbow pipe to help carry exhaust gases from the crankcase to the air intake.
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PCV Valve Grommet
The PCV Valve Grommet is a rubber grommet that fits on a vehicle’s Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) valve, sealing the area between the valve cover and the rest of the PCV. You need the grommet for the valve cover to work properly. The PCV system processes noxious gases in the exhaust, and the PCV valve grommet keeps those gases from leaking out through the seam near the valve cover. The grommet’s shape and size depend on the type of valve cover the vehicle has.
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PCV Valve Tubing
The PCV valve tubing is a length of hose that recirculates gases from your engine’s crankcase back into the intake manifold to be burned. The PCV valve tubing typically connects to the PCV valve on your engine block and the intake manifold. The PCV valve tubes can come in different shapes, sizes, and configurations. Some are small segments of hoses, but others can involve bigger hoses that divulge into different openings.
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Pedal Assembly
A Pedal Assembly transfers the force from the driver’s foot to the hydraulic brake system.
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Pedal Pad
The Pedal Pad protects the original pedal surface from scratches, dents, and other contaminants that can reduce its service life.
Most pedal pads are a combination of aluminum alloy and rubber, creating a non-slip surface and increasing the pedal contact area.
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Pet Divider
Pet dividers are metal, plastic, or polyester barriers that are meant to keep pets at the back of a vehicle, typically an SUV. Pet barriers create a cage that prevents pets like dogs from crossing over to the driver’s seat and potentially disturbing the driver. Pet dividers can come in various designs. Some are simply propped up by stands that push onto the vehicle’s floor and roof. Other designs use cables that wrap around the front seats to prevent dogs from crossing over the center console.
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Pet Safety Harness
A pet safety harness is a device designed to secure dogs when they’re inside the vehicle. The harness usually fits around the pet’s body and is attached to the vehicle’s seat belt system. The harness prevents the pet from moving too much while the vehicle is in motion to keep it safe in the event of a sudden stop or a collision. It also helps keep the driver less distracted on the road.
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Should Dogs Be Buckled Up In a Car?
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Pickup Coil
A pickup coil is a component of the ignition system that is engineered to give out the voltage pulse used by the ignition module as an RPM or timing sensor. Along with the ignition module, this component ensures that the ignition coils switch at the correct time and duration.
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Pinion Bearing
A Pinion Bearing is a component inside the differential case that reduces friction between the rotating pinion shaft and axle housing. It is spun by the driveshaft using the power sent by the transmission. Each pinion gear consists of an inner race, an outer race, and caged rollers. It is designed to reduce friction for optimal vehicle operation.
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Pinion Bearing Race
The Pinion Bearing Race is the cylindrical frame of a pinion bearing. It gives rolling bearings a track to follow, making it easier for the rolling components to move. This decreases the friction generated, increasing efficiency by helping gears in the differential operate smoothly.
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Pinion Crush Sleeve
The Pinion Crush Sleeve, otherwise known as the collapsible spacer, obtains the specified pressure or preload from the tension on the pinion gear’s tapered bearings. The spacer is usually located between the bearings. Turning the pinion gear nut crushes the spacer to obtain the specified preload.
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Pinion Race
The pinion race is the smooth surface where the pinion bearing rotates. Together with the pinion bearing, the pinion race lets the entire pinion rotate freely with minimal friction or interference.
A damaged pinion race will prevent the pinion from moving smoothly, resulting in whirring noises when speeding up or slowing down.
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Pintle Hook
The Pintle Hook is a type of towing hitch that enables a truck to tow heavy cargo. Pintle hooks look like a hook with one end mounted to the vehicle while the other end closes around a pintle ring mounted on the trailer. They’re meant to be used for trucks that haul trailers weighing from 10,000 to 60,000 lbs. Maintenance of highways, electrical utility companies, and construction firms are common examples of industries that use pintle hooks.
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Piston
The Piston is a moving component that transfers the force in the engine cylinder to the crankshaft. It is typically located in the area where the cylinder blocks are in the vehicle.
Force is generated in the cylinder when gas expands. By transferring this force, the pistons allow the engine to run.
There are typically four, six, or eight pistons in a vehicle. The more pistons in a vehicle, the more powerful it is.
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Pitman Arm
The Pitman arm is a part that turns the steering wheel’s rotational movement into linear movement, turning the wheels in the process. This part might be needed if you encounter symptoms of a faulty Pitman arm, such as looseness and excessive play in the steering wheel. Pitman arms connect the steering wheel and linkages to the steering gearbox. The steering system uses the Pitman arm as its first link to the rest of the steering parts.
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Pitman Arm Puller
The Pitman Arm Puller is a tool with claws used to remove pitman arms and tie rods. It’s typically made from durable hardened steel, so you can easily remove pitman arms on medium-duty trucks, transportation buses, and other vehicles. The pitman arm is the first link that connects the steering gearbox to the steering wheel and linkages. To service or replace the pitman arm, you’ll need a high-quality pitman arm puller that lessens the risk of damaging the steering system.
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Power Brake Booster Line
The power brake booster line is responsible for transporting the vacuum in an engine’s intake manifold to the brake booster. The brake booster allows the driver to create a lot of braking force with minimal pressure on the pedals. Hence, the power brake booster line is critical in maintaining proper brake operation. Given that the brake booster line is positioned close to the engine block, the booster line is made to be vibration and heat-resistant. It can also withstand spills from engine fluids.
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Power Brake Booster Seal
The power brake booster seal is a part that prevents vacuum from escaping the power brake booster. This part might be needed if you are replacing an old or damaged power brake booster seal that has developed a leak. Power brake booster seals fit between the brake booster and the engine or vacuum pump, ensuring an airtight connection. The power brake booster relies on its seal to get the vacuum it needs to amplify the force applied by your foot on the brake pedal.
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Power Brake Booster Vacuum Sensor
The Power Brake Booster Vacuum Sensor is a small chip device attached to the brake booster’s electrical control unit to ensure that the power brakes are generating enough vacuum. This vacuum is used by the power brakes to amplify the force applied by the driver’s foot on the brake pedal. Without a functioning power brake booster vacuum sensor, the braking system won’t know if there’s sufficient vacuum, which can cause braking issues.
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- Power Brake Booster Line
- Power Brake Booster Seal
- Automatic Transmission Shift Position Sensor Switch
Power Converter
The Power Converter in a vehicle is an electrical component that alters DC voltage levels. It takes the power created by the vehicle’s electrical system and alters its voltage to suit supporting equipment designed to run on different voltage levels. Commercial vehicles use power converters to feed the correct voltage to equipment like lighting, diagnostic tools, and so on. Emergency vehicles like ambulances and police cars do the same for their communication systems and other tools. Certain converters even protect these additional accessories from overvoltage, thermal overload, and other electrical dangers.
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Power Steering Belt
The power steering belt transfers power from the engine’s primary pulley to the power steering pump. It also pressurizes hydraulic fluid to assist steering activities.
The power steering belt is usually found in front of the engine.
Loss of power steering, squealing noises, and visible cracks are some of the most common symptoms of a failing power steering belt.
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Power Steering Control Valve
The Power Steering Control Valve directs the power steering fluid to wherever it should go. For example, turning the wheel clockwise rotates the power steering control valve to the right, applying pressure to the affected cylinder.
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Power Steering Cooler
The Power Steering Cooler draws heat out of the power steering fluid, reducing the stress and strain put on the components of the vehicle’s power steering system. The cooler lowers the temperature of the power steering fluid using fins that are cooled by ambient air. This component is typically be found at the front of the vehicle directly behind the grille.
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Power Steering Filter
A Power Steering Filter removes contaminants from the steering system via magnetic filtration to prevent performance issues caused by power steering pump failure.
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Power Steering Fluid
The power steering fluid is a hydraulic fluid used by the power steering system to make it easier to turn the steering wheel.
Using the correct type is critical to the operation and service life of the power steering system. The incorrect fluid can contribute to seal or hose deterioration and/or failure and fluid leaks.
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Power Steering Pressure Hose
The power steering pressure hose transfers oil between the steering gear and the pump. There are two types of power steering pressure hoses based on pressure.
The high-pressure power steering hose transfers oil from the pump to the steering gear, while the low-pressure power steering hose transfers oil from the steering gear back to the pump.
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Power Steering Pressure Switch
The Power Steering Pressure Switch monitors the increase in hydraulic pressure whenever the steering wheel is rotated in a steering assist position.
Information from the power steering pressure switch is sent to the engine computer to adjust the RPM and compensate for the increased engine load.
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Power Steering Pump
The power steering pump is responsible for pushing hydraulic fluid at high pressure. This high-pressure fluid provides the forces that help make steering easier. The power steering pump works with the rack and pinion, which is the component responsible for pushing the wheels in one direction or the other. Over time, a power steering pump can fail or develop leaks, causing the driver to get less or no steering assistance.
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Power Steering Pump Bracket
A Power Steering Pump Bracket holds the power steering pump in place. Over time, the bracket holes tend to get larger, causing the steering pump and crank pulleys to get misaligned. This can produce unusual belt noise.
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Power Steering Pump Pulley
The Power Steering Pump Pulley transfers power from the engine to the power steering pump. It’s connected to the crankshaft via a belt and helps drive the pump to pressurize the power steering fluid.
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Power Steering Pump Seal Kit
The Power Steering Pump Seal Kit is a kit that contains the sealing products designed specifically for power steering pump repairs.
The power steering pump is responsible for pressurizing the hydraulic fluid needed to lubricate the steering wheel. The seals are used to retain the hydraulic fluid to reduce friction, preventing the liquid from leaking out.
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Power Steering Reservoir
The power steering reservoir stores the hydraulic fluid used by power steering. This part might be needed if the current or stock power steering fluid reservoir needs to be repaired or upgraded. Power steering reservoirs are mounted near a vehicle’s engine, and they’re easily accessed to make refilling convenient. The power steering system relies on the reservoir to keep the power steering fluid clean and ready to use.
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- Power Steering Pumps
- Power Steering Pressure Line Hose Assemblies
- Power Steering Reservoir Line Hoses
Power Steering Reservoir Line Hose
APower Steering Reservoir Line Hose is a specialized hose connecting the power steering fluid reservoir to the power steering pump. It carries the power steering fluid from the reservoir where the fluid is stored to the pump where it’s pressurized.
System
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- How Does Power Steering Work? (With Example Diagrams)
- Power Steering Not Working: Why This Happens and What to Do
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Power Supply Module
A Power Supply Module regulates the flow of electricity between the battery pack and its motors. Commonly found in electric vehicles, the power supply module converts high-voltage direct current to alternating current for the electric motor/s to run.
System
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Power Take Off Assembly
A Power Take Off Assembly transfers power from the engine to an attached implement or separate machine. It essentially connects the engine’s rotational power to other equipment. Power take-off assemblies are commonly found in trucks.
System
Power Window Relay
The Power Window Relay is an electrically operated switch that controls the power windows, allowing you to open and close your windows with the push of a button. In some vehicles, you can operate the power windows even with the engine turned off. The relay provides enough power to the power window circuit, so you can roll your windows up without having to stick your key back in the ignition.
System
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- How to Check If a Relay Is Bad
- Window Switch: Function, Diagnosis, and Symptoms
- Intermittent Wipers: How They Work and Possible Problems
Related Parts
Pre Heat Hose
The Pre Heat Hose is an important part of the vehicle’s heating and cooling system. It is responsible for transferring excess heat from the engine to the heater core, and it accomplishes this by moving coolant from one component to another. The coolant travels through these hoses, which extend from the exhaust manifold to the air filter assembly.
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Related Parts
Pressure Gauge
The Pressure Gauge is a tool that’s used to measure the levels of air pressure inside a tire.
It’s important to know the air pressure of a tire because it affects a vehicle’s drivability and performance. Tires with low air pressure will deflate, while tires with high air pressure are more likely to puncture.
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Related Articles
Related Parts
Puddle Light
The Puddle Light is a type of vehicle light fixture that fits beneath the vehicle’s side mirrors. It illuminates the ground below, making it easier for anyone stepping off the vehicle to see. This is especially helpful in areas with plenty of ice or mud, which can prove dangerous to anyone alighting from a vehicle. Puddle lights also provide aesthetic lighting around the vehicle when on. While puddle lights are an integrated feature in many luxury vehicle designs, aftermarket puddle lights are also available.
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