P1128 Code: Closed Loop Fuel Not Achieved Bank 1

Reviewed by

Richard McCuistian, ASE Certified Master Automobile Technician

Technical Reviewer at CarParts.com

Written by CarParts.com Research Team - Updated on October 19th, 2023

Reading Time: 3 minutes
Summary
  • Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) P1128 stands for “Closed Loop Fuel Not Achieved Bank 1.” The powertrain control module (PCM) logs this code when it detects an issue in the fuel system, causing it to stay in open-loop operation.
  • The P1128 code can be caused by a wide range of issues, including a clogged fuel pump strainer, a bad upstream oxygen sensor, wiring issues, a faulty manifold absolute pressure (MAP) or mass air flow (MAF) sensor, and intake air temperature issues, among other problems.
  • Vehicles with a P1128 code can have decreased fuel efficiency, poor engine performance, rough idling, misfires, failed emissions tests, and an illuminated check engine light.

Your ride’s fuel system delivers fuel to the engine as needed. It has critical components like the fuel pump, fuel tank, fuel filter, and injectors. If a problem develops in the fuel management system, your vehicle might log a P1128 code.

What Does the P1128 Code Mean?

Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) P1128 stands for “Closed Loop Fuel Not Achieved Bank 1.”

This code is logged when the powertrain control module (PCM) detects an issue in the fuel system that’s causing it to stay in open-loop operation within the timeframe set by your manufacturer.

A P1128 code can also indicate that the heated oxygen (O2) sensors in your engine are malfunctioning.

Code P1128 can point to an issue with the sensor, the wiring or the PCM. In some cases, other factors affecting the air-fuel mixture can cause the entire system to remain in open loop but there will typically be noticeable symptoms in a case like this.

“Bank 1” means that the issue is in the first bank of cylinders in a V-type engine. A P1128 code can also indicate that the heated oxygen (O2) sensors in your engine are malfunctioning.

A Quick Note About Closed Loop and Open Loop Control

Closed loop fuel control is achieved very soon after the engine starts due to oxygen sensor heaters bringing the sensors online as quickly as possible. But wide open throttle (WOT) is an open loop mode by default due to the engine’s need for maximum fuel delivery at that point.

A diagram illustrating the difference between open loop fuel control and closed loop fuel control | Image Source: Richard McCuistian

Closed loop fuel control is achieved very soon after the engine starts due to oxygen sensor heaters bringing the sensors online as quickly as possible. But wide open throttle (WOT) is an open loop mode by default due to the engine’s need for maximum fuel delivery at that point.

Richard McCuistian, ASE Certified Master Automobile Technician

Note: The definition of code P1128 may be different depending on the vehicle manufacturer. Consult the appropriate repair manual or repair database for the exact code definition.

What Are the Common Causes of the P1128 Code?

What Are the Common Symptoms of the P1128 Code?

How to Diagnose the P1128 Code

The P1128 is a manufacturer-specific code, so there’s no universal diagnostic procedure that would work for all vehicles. After all, vehicles can be structured differently depending on their manufacturer.

If you’re not sure how to diagnose the issue, it’s best to take your vehicle to an auto repair shop for a proper diagnosis. Otherwise, you can do it yourself.

How to Fix the P1128 Code

Resolving a P1128 isn’t easy, especially if you don’t have in-depth knowledge of the fuel management system. Your best option is to let a licensed mechanic fix the problem for you.

But if you’re confident that you can resolve the trouble code on your own, make sure to read up about this trouble code before you do anything with your vehicle. Resources like Chilton can give you vehicle-specific information that can help you fix code P1128.

About The Author
Reviewed By Richard McCuistian, ASE Certified Master Automobile Technician

Technical Reviewer at CarParts.com

Richard McCuistian has worked for nearly 50 years in the automotive field as a professional technician, an instructor, and a freelance automotive writer for Motor Age, ACtion magazine, Power Stroke Registry, and others. Richard is ASE certified for more than 30 years in 10 categories, including L1 Advanced Engine Performance and Light Vehicle Diesel.

Written By CarParts.com Research Team

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