P0501 Code: Vehicle Speed Sensor Range / Performance

The vehicle speed sensor (VSS) is an electromagnetic device that measures a vehicle’s transmission/axle output and wheel speed. The powertrain control module (PCM) uses input signals from the VSS to operate essential engine functions, transmission shift points, and others. The exact location of the vehicle speed sensor depends on the vehicle’s make and model. If the PCM reads a higher or lower vehicle speed sensor signal than what’s allowed, the vehicle’s computer will log a P0501 code on a scan tool.

What Does the P0501 Code Mean?

Diagnostic trouble code P0501 stands for “Vehicle Speed Sensor Range/Performance.” This generic powertrain code can apply to a variety of modern vehicles with OBD-II.

The PCM uses the VSS and a toothed ring called a reluctor to monitor vehicle speed. As the sensor spins with the transmission’s output shaft, the reluctor causes the magnetic field of the VSS to continually change from strong to weak. This generates an alternating current that gets stronger and more frequent as vehicle speed increases.

The PCM will register a P0501 code on a scan tool if it receives an input from the VSS that exceeds the range set by the manufacturer.

Note: The definition of code P0501 might be different depending on the vehicle manufacturer. Consult the appropriate repair manual or repair database for the exact code definition.

What are the Common Causes of the P0501 Code?

• Malfunctioning VSS
• Faulty wheel speed sensor
• Broken or frayed wiring
• Damaged reluctor ring
• Faulty PCM

What are the Common Symptoms of the P0501 Code?

• Illuminated check engine light
• Erratic shifting
• Anti-lock brakes don’t properly work
• The speedometer or odometer don’t work properly
• RPM limiter is decreased

How to Diagnose the P0501 Code

Not all vehicles are the same. There are specific steps that you must follow to diagnose a DTC P0501. If you want to learn how to address a trouble code’s underlying issues, make sure to review your vehicle’s repair manual. You can use the following video to give you an idea of what the diagnostic process might involve.

However, we strongly recommend that you take your vehicle to a professional if you don’t have any auto repair skills and knowledge. This can save you from expensive repairs caused by an incorrect diagnosis.

How to Fix the P0501 Code

There isn’t a simple or fast way to fix a P0501 code. To determine the best fix, you must first determine the underlying causes of this code. Fortunately, there are lots of OBD-II resources online that can help you diagnose and fix your car. We recommend looking for Chilton repair manuals and/or getting an ALLDATA subscription if you want to learn more about your car and potential problems.

Where To Buy Parts to Fix the P0501 Code

Erratic shifting and malfunctioning anti-lock brakes can lead to you losing control of your vehicle on the road. That’s why it’s important to address the P0501 code as soon as possible to avoid possible accidents. Whether you need an entirely new speed sensor or a bit of wiring, you can browse our catalog at CarParts.com.

At CarParts.com, you’ll find a wide selection of high-quality parts from multiple aftermarket brands. We even offer parts at different price points to suit your budget perfectly. With our easy-to-navigate website, you’ll find exactly what you need in a few quick clicks.

Get your car back on the road by getting high-quality replacement parts. Check out our selection and order today!