The powertrain control module (PCM) uses the signal from the engine oil temperature sensor to calculate various operating parameters. If the PCM receives an incorrect signal from the sensor, on-board diagnostics will log a P0197 trouble code.
Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) P0197 stands for “Engine Oil Temperature Sensor Circuit Low.”
Excessively high or low oil temperatures can mean trouble for any engine. If the engine oil is too cold, it won’t be able to flow through the oil passages, leaving engine parts unlubricated. Meanwhile, extremely hot temperatures exceeding 300°F could make the oil run thin and result in poor film strength. This means the oil won’t be strong enough to prevent metal-to-metal friction.
To prevent these from happening, the engine oil temperature sensor needs to send the right information to the PCM. This sensor is used in many General Motors vehicles and usually provides input to the oil life monitoring system. Oil temperature, run time, and revolutions per minute (RPM) are used to calculate engine oil life.
Note: The definition of code P0197 might be different depending on the vehicle manufacturer. Consult the appropriate repair manual or repair database for the exact code definition.
DTC P0197 is a generic powertrain code that vehicles with an OBD-II system can log. While this might be the case, keep in mind that the steps for diagnosis and repair can vary, depending on your vehicle’s year, make, and model.
Diagnosing trouble codes usually involves the use of a scan tool and inspecting the affected system for any signs of damage. If you’re not familiar with how the process works, you can always have a certified mechanic do the job for you. Otherwise, you can go ahead and do it yourself.
To help you out, here’s a short video that shows what the process usually involves.
Attempting to fix a P0197 code can be frustrating and confusing without the right tools and technical information on automotive repair. If done incorrectly, it can even lead to further complications and expensive repair costs. So if you’re not confident with your DIY skills yet, it’s best to leave the job to the pros to ensure that all steps and protocols are followed correctly.
But if you have some experience in dealing with trouble codes, then you already know that there’s no such thing as a magic fix that will resolve all codes for all makes and models. Aside from having the necessary equipment, successfully fixing your vehicle will also rely on whether or not you have the right repair information.
So before you begin, make sure to check out guides like those from Chilton or an ALLDATA subscription to get vehicle-specific repair information.
Driving with an oil temperature outside of the normal range could mean trouble. And without a functioning engine oil temperature sensor, you won’t know if you’re causing serious damage to your daily driver.
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