CarParts.com Research Team

Richard McCuistian grew up in Alabama learning from his father who ran an automotive repair shop. Richard has worked for nearly 50 years in the automotive field as a professional technician, an instructor, a freelance automotive writer for Motor Age, ACtion magazine, Power Stroke Registry, and others (published every year since May 2000). He has developed training courses and written or edited training material for companies in the U.S. Canada, and the Netherlands, and even Bulgaria. He maintained an “ask a mechanic” website for 10 years answering questions emailed to him from all over the world. Richard has an instructional automotive YouTube channel “McCuistian” with 13,500 subscribers and over 1,300 videos. Much of his professional work requires photography and videography in shop environments, but Richard also enjoys taking pictures of landscapes, skyscapes, old barns and houses, small towns. He has produced a coffee table book of digital watercolors called “Memories of South Alabama” created from his personal photos, along with a dozen Christian fiction short original novels and a collection of short stories, all available in Kindle or softcover format. Richard has written a 2,500-word Bible study every week for the past 20 years and uses it to teach a small group at his church every Sunday morning. Credentials:
  • ASE Certified for more than 30 years in 10 categories, including L1 Advanced Engine Performance and Light Vehicle Diesel.

  • Professional Mechanic/Technician for 25 years with experience on diesel and gasoline engines, vehicles and equipment (including hydraulics).

  • Spent 5 years in fleet maintenance, 20 years in independent shops and dealerships (VW, Mazda, Renault, Jeep, Ford, Lincoln), specializing in driveability and electronics for the last 14 years of his career at the same dealership.

  • Senior Contributing Editor at Motor Age Magazine, first published in Motor Age in May of 2000 and every year since. He has won two International Automotive Media Awards for technical articles published in trade magazines.

  • Has attended hundreds of hours of automotive training from OEMs including GM, Volkswagen, Mazda, Renault, Jeep, Chrysler, as well as additional training at events like KC Vision and MACS (Mobile Air Climate Systems Association).

  • Taught college level auto mechanics for 19 years.

  • Has written for automotive training companies (including course development work for training companies in Canada and the Netherlands) and has been hired to teach professional trade show technician courses at multiple training events in Texas and Alabama.

  • While still teaching at the college level, Richard launched a new automotive program in Geneva, Alabama, setting up a dual enrollment department in a new building, organizing the shop and classroom, teaching morning classes to high school students for 2 years while still teaching at the college in the afternoon.

  • Richard’s college program at Lurleen B. Wallace Community College worked at professional shop speed during his tenure to prepare graduates for production level work in the real world.

How Do Engine Oil Life Monitoring Systems Work?

Summary First introduced by General Motors in the late ‘80s, the oil life monitoring system alerts drivers whenever their vehicles…

6 days ago

What Problems to Look for When Buying a Used Manual Transmission Vehicle

Summary Some issues to look for when buying a used manual vehicle include transmission leaks, transmission troubles, and gear shifting…

7 days ago

Parts to Keep an Eye on to Extend Engine Lifespan

Summary In some cases, extremely hot temperatures can become too unbearable even for a cooling system that’s been running well…

1 week ago

How to Build Your Own Roadside Emergency Kit

Summary Must-haves for your DIY roadside emergency kit include a lug wrench, tire patch kit, tire pressure gauge, and spare…

1 week ago

Lighter Than Air: Air Suspension Parts for an Effortless Drive

Summary Your air suspension system does a lot of things for you一it enhances your ride comfort, prolongs the lifespan of…

1 week ago

The Best Holiday Presents for the Dedicated DIYer

Gift-giving season is almost here一which also means there’s tons of shopping to do! Delight the car enthusiasts in your life…

1 week ago

5 Rugged Car Accessories to Gift on Veterans Day

Summary Veterans Day is the perfect occasion to show appreciation to former servicemen of the United States Armed Forces. Step…

2 weeks ago

Safeguard Your Ride From the Elements: Products for Weatherproofing Your Vehicle

Summary Some of the best items for weatherproofing your vehicle include car covers and wiper blades. Other accessories for driving…

4 weeks ago

What Do I Do with Old Car Parts? Options, Proper Disposal, and More

Summary You can do a lot with old car parts that could contribute to the environment and even make you…

4 weeks ago

Brake Pads Cracking? These Could Be Why

Summary While brake pads do have a predicted lifespan, there might be times when they tend to wear out faster…

4 weeks ago

What Is a Radiator Fan Shroud?

Summary A radiator shroud is a piece of metal or plastic that fits over the radiator fan to draw air…

1 month ago

Why Should You Replace the Timing Belt and Water Pump Together?

Summary On vehicles where the timing belt drives the water pump, it only makes sense to replace the timing belt…

2 months ago

Understanding the Different Types of Hybrid Cars

Summary There are four different types of hybrid cars: plug-in, series, parallel, and series-parallel hybrids. Hybrid vehicles can be classified…

2 months ago

Avoid These Driving Habits That May Ruin Your Brakes

Summary Braking downhill and slamming the brakes are bad habits that can potentially destroy your vehicle’s brakes. Inspect your brakes…

2 months ago

How to Tell if the Turbo Is Bad

Summary The turbocharger increases a vehicle’s overall performance by boosting horsepower and fuel efficiency. Some signs of a bad turbocharger…

2 months ago

Step-By-Step Guide on How to Use Jack Stands Safely

Summary Jack stands support a vehicle after it's been lifted by a jack. Place the jack stands underneath the car…

2 months ago

What Is a Radiator Cap? Functions, Symptoms, Replacement, and More

A car's cooling system keeps the engine running at a safe temperature to prevent overheating. One component that aids in…

2 months ago

Car Door Vapor/Moisture Moisture Barrier: a Quick Guide

Summary A car door vapor/moisture barrier is the protective plastic sheet you see when you remove a car door panel.…

2 months ago

Do EVs Have Radiators?

Summary No, EVs don’t have radiators like those in traditional combustion vehicles, but they do use heat exchangers that are…

2 months ago

Why You Shouldn’t Overfill Your Engine Oil

Summary Overfilling your engine with oil may result in engine damage caused by foaming in the crankshaft, increased oil pressure,…

2 months ago

What Is a Lighting Control Module? Benefits, How to Reset, and More

Summary While most vehicles use the BCM to control the lights, some vehicles are equipped with a lighting control module…

2 months ago

How Do Hydrogen Engines Work?

Summary As its name suggests, a hydrogen engine is a type of engine that uses hydrogen as a clean fuel…

2 months ago

What Does Your Car’s Auto A/C Button Do?

Summary The auto button activates the HVAC system’s auto setting, which optimizes various HVAC settings such as the blower’s fan…

2 months ago

OBD Code Readers and Other Diagnostic Tools for Cars

Summary Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) can point you in the right direction if you or your mechanic is looking to…

2 months ago

Why Do Some Radiators Have Transmission Lines?

Summary Also known as the transmission cooling line, the transmission cooler line is a type of hose that helps regulate…

2 months ago

Your Car Maintenance Checklist for Long-Lasting Performance

Summary Long-term check-ups are inspections you should do at least once a year. Some of them include checking the transmission…

2 months ago

The Oil Lubrication System: What It Is, How It Works, and More

Summary The engine lubrication system stores, splashes, and pumps oil inside the engine to keep moving parts lubricated. Some of…

2 months ago

Warning: These Car Parts Could Cost You Thousands to Repair or Replace

Summary The engine assembly is among the most expensive parts to repair and replace. It can cost you $16,400 or…

2 months ago

What Is An Injection Control Pressure Sensor or Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor Used For?

Summary Injection control pressure sensors (ICP) are responsible for monitoring the pressure levels of the fuel in the rail feeding…

2 months ago

Essential Tools and Equipment for Undercarriage Maintenance

Summary If you plan on doing maintenance on the undercarriage of your vehicle, you can make the process much easier…

2 months ago

Your Short-Term Car Maintenance Checklist for Long-Lasting Performance

Summary Cars naturally exhibit various types of wear over time. Some easy short-term check-ups you can do yourself include checking…

2 months ago

Defogging the Windshield: Causes and Prevention

Summary Humidity, condensation, and surface tension all cause fogging on the windshield. Some tips for defogging a windshield include activating…

2 months ago

Mechanic’s Review: Denso Replacement Oxygen Sensor | 2006 Ford Explorer

Summary You may need a replacement oxygen sensor if your existing O2 sensor’s pattern on a scan tool appears ragged…

2 months ago

Tips for How To Brake While Towing

Summary Towing a trailer or any sort of heavy weight behind your vehicle affects braking distance, meaning it’s more difficult…

2 months ago

Does Your Diesel Engine Have Power Loss When It’s Under Load?

Summary Blockages in your vehicle’s exhaust system like a clogged catalytic converter or diesel particulate filter can cause increased backpressure,…

2 months ago

Should You Install an Inline Transmission Filter?

Summary An inline transmission filter protects your vehicle’s transmission system by filtering contaminants like dirt and debris from your vehicle’s…

2 months ago

How Long Do Coil Packs Last?

Summary Manufacturers typically design ignition coils to last the vehicle's lifetime, so you don’t need to change them as often…

2 months ago

Bidirectional Charging and the Future: V2H Charging Explained

Summary Bidirectional charging is a two-way process that lets EV chargers flow energy into and out of a vehicle. Vehicle-to-house…

3 months ago

Mean Machines: Understanding Turbocharged Diesel Engines

Summary While a lot of diesel engines come with turbochargers nowadays, there are still a handful of them that are…

3 months ago

Why Your Trailer Brakes Are Locked Up

Summary Faulty parts like the power regulator and wiring harnesses can lead to situations where the trailer brakes are locked…

3 months ago

Brake Pedal Stoppers: What Happens When They Break?

Summary A brake pedal stopper is a small part that acts like a cushion for the brake pedal. The stopper…

3 months ago

Motor vs. Engine: Is There A Difference?

Summary While the terms motor and engine are often interchangeable, their automotive terms have significant differences. This interchangeability is partly…

3 months ago

Why Is My Vehicle’s Power Steering Fluid Foaming?

Summary Aeration is the main cause behind foaming power steering fluid. If air gets into the line, the power steering…

3 months ago

Are Three-Cylinder Engines Good?

Summary Three-cylinder engines are just as reliable as any other engine type. Cylinder count doesn’t determine engine reliability. Instead, the…

3 months ago

Why Is My Clutch Pedal Stuck to the Floor?

Summary If your clutch pedal is stuck to the floor, you’re likely dealing with a broken clutch cable, low clutch…

3 months ago

What’s the Better Engine: V6 Or Inline-6?

Summary An inline-6 engine has a single row of 6 cylinders, while a V6 engine has two rows of 3…

3 months ago

Do You Need a Suspension Bush Press?

Summary Most professional mechanics choose to use a hydraulic shop press to remove suspension bushings. The press makes it easier…

3 months ago

What Is a Spark Plug Thread Chaser? How To Use It and Other FAQ

Summary A thread chaser is a small tool specifically designed to clean and reform the threads of a spark plug…

3 months ago

What Are Engine Bearings and Why Are They Important?

Summary Engine bearings are the main supports for the major moving parts of an engine, reinforcing the operating loads and…

3 months ago

Going Green: What You Should Know About Car Recycling

Summary Approximately 27 million cars are recycled annually. For the average vehicle, about 90% of its parts can be recycled,…

3 months ago

Do Performance Chips Work?

Summary Performance chips adjust and optimize various systems in a vehicle to increase engine output and boost performance. Some benefits…

3 months ago

Common Reasons Why Your Engine Oil Smells Like Gas

Summary Engine oil smells like gas because of engine blow-bys, faulty piston rings, leaks in the fuel injection system, and…

3 months ago

Brake Line Benders: Tips and Tricks

Summary Since brake lines are made from stiff steel tubing (unless you’re replacing them with the nickel/copper alloy, which most…

3 months ago

What Is a Clutch Alignment Tool?

Summary When installing a new clutch assembly, professional mechanics use the clutch alignment tool to align the clutch disc to…

3 months ago

What Is the Acid in Car Batteries?

Summary In most batteries, battery acid consists of sulfuric acid and water. Battery acid produces an electric current that runs…

3 months ago

How Flywheel Resurfacing Works, Cost, and Other FAQ

Summary A flywheel with hot spots on it can cause the clutch to chatter, vibrate, and fail prematurely. It can…

3 months ago

Why Do You Run the Engine When You Check Automatic Transmission Fluid?

Summary The engine drives the torque converter and automatic transmission pump that affect the transmission fluid level. Park your car…

3 months ago

Proper Torque Converter Spacing: Space or No Space?

Summary When the torque converter is bolted to the flex plate, there is no space between the converter and the…

3 months ago

Rebuilt vs. Used Transmission: Which Is Better?

Summary Every vehicle needs a transmission because it prevents the engine from destroying itself. Without a transmission, most engines would…

3 months ago

Engine Oil Coming Out of Exhaust: Causes and Prevention

Summary If oil comes out of your vehicle’s exhaust, you’re likely dealing with bad valve seals, a damaged PCV system,…

3 months ago

What is an Exhaust Cam and Why Is It Important?

Summary Exhaust cams are responsible for controlling when the exhaust valves in the engine open and close. Their operation affects…

3 months ago

Your Guide to Trailer Wiring: How It Works, How to Wire, and More

Summary Trailer wiring is what’s used to power lights and other electrical accessories in trailers. Passenger cars have seven pins,…

3 months ago

Electronic Throttle Control: Functions, How to Restart, and FAQs

Summary The electronic throttle control (ETC) sends electrical signals to the ECU to open the throttle. The benefits of using…

3 months ago

Top 5 Tips to Deal With Rust On Your Car

Summary Wash your car every week and bring it to a professional car cleaner every few months to help prevent…

4 months ago

How To Remove Rubber Grommet Plugs and Other FAQ

Summary Also known as an edging or a bushing, a rubber grommet is a small tube covering a panel hole's…

4 months ago

What Is Clutch Chatter and Should You Watch Out For It?

Summary Clutch chatter is a vibration or shudder that affects the whole vehicle, and it originates from the driveline or…

4 months ago

Are High RPM Bad For Diesel Engines?

Summary Generally, you shouldn’t drive at high RPM in diesel vehicles unless you need high speed, such as during overtaking.…

4 months ago

Air Bag Replacement: Cost, Process, and Other FAQs

Summary Replacing air bags could cost you anywhere between $1,500 and $6,000. The impact sensor, the control module, and the…

4 months ago

Bottle Jack vs Floor Jack: What’s the Difference?

Summary Bottle jacks are compact, bottle-shaped, heavy-duty jacks with a vertical hydraulic piston. Floor jacks are flat and use a…

4 months ago

Cooling System Must-Haves for Better Engine Performance

Summary In some cases, extremely hot temperatures can become too unbearable even for a cooling system that’s been running well…

4 months ago

How to Clean and Organize Your Garage Tools

Summary How to clean a garage tool typically depends on its size, use, and material. Cleaning tools usually require rust…

4 months ago

Does Driving Slower Save Gas?

Summary Driving slower than 60 mph can help you save gas, but driving slower than 30 mph can burn more…

4 months ago

Why Your Brake Pad Is Separating From the Brake Plate

Summary Brake pad delamination is when the friction lining on a disc brake pad separates from the steel backing plate.…

4 months ago

Why Does a Gasoline Engine “Diesels” When You Shut It Off?

Summary Dieseling happens in carbureted spark plug-fired gasoline engines because of a combination of high compression ratio and a heat…

4 months ago

Tips for A/C Compressor Replacement

Summary The A/C compressor circulates and pressurizes the A/C system’s refrigerant. If the compressor is inoperative, your vehicle’s A/C will…

4 months ago

How To Fix Your Car Horn

Summary To fix a faulty car horn, you’ll need to prepare the necessary tools and diagnose the issue first. Check…

4 months ago

Car Oil Pan Gasket Replacement Tips

Summary It's a good idea to replace the oil pan gasket during an oil change. Choose a replacement oil pan…

4 months ago

Tips on How to Recalibrate a Torque Wrench

Summary Torque wrenches are used to tighten fasteners such as bolts, screws, and nuts to a specific torque. You’ll need…

4 months ago

What is an Exhaust Hanger? Replacement and FAQs

Summary Exhaust hangers are used to secure and fasten a vehicle’s exhaust pipe to its undercarriage, preventing it from hanging…

4 months ago

Most Common CVT Transmission Problems

Automakers have always been in pursuit of creating the best vehicles possible, whether it be in the field of engine…

4 months ago

Your Guide to Powder Coating Wheels: Types, Process, Pros, Cons, and More

Summary Powder coating is a dry finishing process that uses powder to give surfaces a decorative and functional finish. Common…

4 months ago

Brake Pads Wearing Down Too Fast: Causes, Effects, and More

Summary New brake pads can wear out early because of bad calipers and pins. Some causes of uneven brake pad…

4 months ago

Mechanic’s Review: Motorcraft Replacement Alternator | 2006 Ford Explorer

Summary You may need a replacement alternator if your existing one is producing a bad ripple pattern viewable on a…

4 months ago

Your Guide to Understanding the Basics of the Crankshaft and Camshaft

Summary The crankshaft and camshaft work together to allow the engine to “breathe.” The engine delivers torque  through the transmission…

4 months ago

Can You Jump a Hybrid Car?

Summary Yes, you can jump-start hybrid cars. Make sure to consult your vehicle owner’s manual because some models have special…

4 months ago

How to Keep Your Vehicle From Being a Target

Summary A total of 1,020,729  vehicles were stolen in 2023, resulting in a staggering 25% increase in vehicle theft rates…

4 months ago

Glazed Brake Pads: Symptoms, Causes, and Fix

Summary Brake pad glazing happens when the brake friction material hardens and crystallizes due to excessive heat. Some symptoms include…

4 months ago

How to Make Your Car’s A/C Colder

Summary Air conditioning systems in vehicles are closed and sealed units wherein a belt-driven compressor circulates refrigerant throughout the system.It’s…

4 months ago

How Long Does a Brake Job Take? Plus FAQs

Summary A complete brake job has an estimated labor time of anywhere between four and six hours, depending on several…

4 months ago

Why Is There a 14-Volt Reading For Your Car Battery?

Summary While your car battery is a 12-volt unit, its voltage readings appear higher for various reasons. Factors like battery…

4 months ago

What Do You Need to Put Your Car in Long Storage?

Summary A battery tender prevents the car battery from getting discharged. Car covers, jack stands, and wheel chocks help prevent…

4 months ago

Should You Use Anti-Seize on Lug Nuts?

Summary Anti-seize compounds are lubricants that mechanics and DIYers place on bolts, fasteners, flanges, and other metals to prevent corrosion,…

4 months ago

What Is a Tone Ring and Can You Fix It in Place?

Summary Also known as the reluctor ring, the tone ring is the part of the wheel speed sensor that sends…

4 months ago

Tips To Remove a Stuck Leaf Spring Bolt

Summary An air chisel or impact hammer is the perfect tool to push the bolt stuck in the leaf spring…

4 months ago

Steering Wheel Locked Up: Causes and How to Fix It

Summary There is a difference between “difficult to steer” and locked up. If your steering wheel locks up when driving,…

4 months ago

Common Types of Mufflers

Summary The common types of mufflers are chambered, straight-through, glasspack, and turbo mufflers. Consider noise reduction, sound adjustment, and space…

5 months ago

Does Running the Air Conditioner Use More Gas?

Summary The fuel-efficient choice between driving with the A/C on and driving with the windows down will depend on several…

5 months ago

Tips for How To Test Brake Lights

Summary Testing your brake lights can be as simple as having a friend or family member stand behind the vehicle…

5 months ago

When Should You Check Your Engine’s Oil Levels?

Summary It’s generally a good idea to check your engine’s oil levels every month or before a long drive. Checking…

5 months ago

Car Temperature Gauges: Mechanical vs. Electric

Summary Your vehicle’s temperature gauge is a part of its emissions control system. The gauge measures engine coolant temperatures, relaying…

5 months ago